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License
    This file is part of OpenFOAM.

    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
    (at your option) any later version.

    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
    for more details.

    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

Class
    Foam::compressible::alphatWallBoilingWallFunctionFvPatchScalarField

Description
    A thermal wall function for simulation of subcooled nucleate wall boiling
    with runtime selectable submodels for:
      - wall heat flux partitioning model
      - nucleation site density
      - bubble departure frequency
      - bubble departure diameter

    Implements a version of the well-known RPI wall boiling model
    (Kurul & Podowski, 1991). The model implementation based on implementation
    described in Peltola et al. (2019) and is similar to the model described by
    Peltola & Pättikangas (2012). The present implementation includes simplified
    support for presence of non-volatile components in addition to a single
    volatile component.

    References:
    \verbatim
        Kurul, N., & Podowski, M.Z. (1991).
        On the modeling of multidimensional effects in boiling channels.
        ANS. Proc. National Heat Transfer Con. Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA,
        1991.
        ISBN: 0-89448-162-1, pp. 30-40.
    \endverbatim

    \verbatim
        Peltola, J., Pättikangas, T., Bainbridge, W., Lehnigk, R., Schlegel, F.
        (2019).
        On Development and validation of subcooled nucleate boiling models for
        OpenFOAM Foundation Release.
        NURETH-18 Conference Proceedings, Portland, Oregon, United States, 2019.
    \endverbatim

    \verbatim
        Peltola, J., & Pättikangas, T.J.H. (2012).
        Development and validation of a boiling model for OpenFOAM multiphase
        solver.
        CFD4NRS-4 Conference Proceedings, Daejeon, Korea, 2012.
        paper 59.
    \endverbatim

Usage
    \table
        Property     | Description             | Required    | Default value
        phaseType    | 'vapor' or 'liquid'     | yes         |
        relax        |wall boiling model relaxation| yes     |
        Prt          | inherited from alphatPhaseChangeJayatillekeWallFunction
        Cmu          | inherited from alphatPhaseChangeJayatillekeWallFunction
        kappa        | inherited from alphatPhaseChangeJayatillekeWallFunction
        E            | inherited from alphatPhaseChangeJayatillekeWallFunction
        dmdt         | phase change mass flux  | yes         |
        value        | initial alphat value    | yes         |

        if phaseType 'vapor':

        partitioningModel|                     | yes         |

        if phaseType 'liquid':

        partitioningModel|                     | yes         |
        nucleationSiteModel|                   | yes         |
        departureDiamModel|                    | yes         |
        departureFreqModel|                    | yes         |
    \endtable

    NOTE: Runtime selectable submodels may require model specific entries

    Example usage:
    \verbatim
    hotWall
    {
        type            compressible::alphatWallBoiling2WallFunction;
        phaseType       liquid;
        Prt             0.85;
        Cmu             0.09;
        kappa           0.41;
        E               9.8;
        relax           0.1;
        dmdt            uniform 0;
        partitioningModel
        {
            type        Lavieville;
            alphaCrit   0.2;
        }
        nucleationSiteModel
        {
            type        LemmertChawla;
        }
        departureDiamModel
        {
            type        TolubinskiKostanchuk;
        }
        departureFreqModel
        {
            type        Cole;
        }
        value           uniform 0.01;
    \endverbatim

See also
    Foam::alphatPhaseChangeJayatillekeWallFunctionFvPatchField

SourceFiles
    alphatWallBoilingWallFunctionFvPatchScalarField.C

\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#ifndef compressible_alphatWallBoilingWallFunctionFvPatchScalarField_H
#define compressible_alphatWallBoilingWallFunctionFvPatchScalarField_H

#include "alphatPhaseChangeWallFunctionFvPatchScalarField.H"
#include "partitioningModel.H"
#include "nucleationSiteModel.H"
#include "departureDiameterModel.H"
#include "departureFrequencyModel.H"

// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

namespace Foam
{
namespace compressible
{

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
            Class alphatWallBoilingWallFunctionFvPatchScalarField Declaration
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

class alphatWallBoilingWallFunctionFvPatchScalarField
:
    public alphatPhaseChangeWallFunctionFvPatchScalarField
{
public:

    // Data types

        //- Enumeration listing the possible operational modes
        enum phaseType
        {
            vaporPhase,
            liquidPhase
        };

        //- Heat source type names
        static const NamedEnum<phaseType, 2> phaseTypeNames_;


private:

    // Private Data

        //- Heat source type
        phaseType phaseType_;

        //- Patch face area by cell volume
        scalarField AbyV_;

        //- Convective turbulent thermal diffusivity
        scalarField alphatConv_;

        //- Departure diameter field
        scalarField dDep_;

        //- Quenching surface heat flux
        scalarField qq_;

        //- Run-time selected heat flux partitioning model
        autoPtr<wallBoilingModels::partitioningModel>
            partitioningModel_;

        //- Run-time selected nucleation site density model
        autoPtr<wallBoilingModels::nucleationSiteModel>
            nucleationSiteModel_;

        //- Run-time selected bubble departure diameter model
        autoPtr<wallBoilingModels::departureDiameterModel>
            departureDiamModel_;

        //- Run-time selected bubble departure frequency model
        autoPtr<wallBoilingModels::departureFrequencyModel>
            departureFreqModel_;


public:

    //- Runtime type information
    TypeName("compressible::alphatWallBoilingWallFunction");


    // Constructors

        //- Construct from patch and internal field
        alphatWallBoilingWallFunctionFvPatchScalarField
        (
            const fvPatch&,
            const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>&
        );

        //- Construct from patch, internal field and dictionary
        alphatWallBoilingWallFunctionFvPatchScalarField
        (
            const fvPatch&,
            const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>&,
            const dictionary&
        );

        //- Construct by mapping given
        //  alphatWallBoilingWallFunctionFvPatchScalarField
        //  onto a new patch
        alphatWallBoilingWallFunctionFvPatchScalarField
        (
            const alphatWallBoilingWallFunctionFvPatchScalarField&,
            const fvPatch&,
            const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>&,
            const fvPatchFieldMapper&
        );

        //- Copy constructor
        alphatWallBoilingWallFunctionFvPatchScalarField
        (
            const alphatWallBoilingWallFunctionFvPatchScalarField&
        );

        //- Construct and return a clone
        virtual tmp<fvPatchScalarField> clone() const
        {
            return tmp<fvPatchScalarField>
            (
                new alphatWallBoilingWallFunctionFvPatchScalarField(*this)
            );
        }

        //- Copy constructor setting internal field reference
        alphatWallBoilingWallFunctionFvPatchScalarField
        (
            const alphatWallBoilingWallFunctionFvPatchScalarField&,
            const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>&
        );

        //- Construct and return a clone setting internal field reference
        virtual tmp<fvPatchScalarField> clone
        (
            const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>& iF
        ) const
        {
            return tmp<fvPatchScalarField>
            (
                new alphatWallBoilingWallFunctionFvPatchScalarField(*this, iF)
            );
        }


    // Member Functions

        //- Return the departure diameter field
        const scalarField& dDeparture() const
        {
            return dDep_;
        }

        //- Return the quenching surface heat flux [W/m^2]
        const scalarField& qq() const
        {
            return qq_;
        }

        //- Return the evaporation surface heat flux [W/m^2]
        tmp<scalarField> qe() const
        {
            return dmdtLf_/AbyV_;
        }


        // Mapping functions

            //- Map (and resize as needed) from self given a mapping object
            //  Used to update fields following mesh topology change
            virtual void autoMap(const fvPatchFieldMapper&);

            //- Reverse map the given fvPatchField onto this fvPatchField
            //  Used to reconstruct fields
            virtual void rmap(const fvPatchScalarField&, const labelList&);


        // Evaluation functions

            //- Update the coefficients associated with the patch field
            virtual void updateCoeffs();


        // I-O

            //- Write
            virtual void write(Ostream&) const;
};


// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

} // End namespace compressible
} // End namespace Foam

// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

#endif

// ************************************************************************* //
